Foreign Relations
Ethics & integrity
Evidence and attribution
Authors should credit the ideas, quotations, images and research of others. Fabricated evidence, misleading attribution and plagiarism are incompatible with rigorous publication.
Conflicts of interest
Authors should disclose interests relevant to their argument when submitting a manuscript. Reviewers should alert the editorial team to conflicts that could compromise an impartial assessment.
Confidential review
Submitted manuscripts and reviews are part of a private editorial process. Reviewers receive anonymized manuscripts through their assigned queue rather than access to author identities.
Translations and editorial assistance
Translations should preserve the meaning and attribution of the original work. Published articles may link to their original-language version. Authors remain responsible for the accuracy of material prepared with editorial or automated assistance.